Types of Socialism in the 19th Century
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Table of Contents
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"...They basically argued that guaranteed rights don’t put food on the table, and a free economy and unrestricted or kind of ungoverned economy doesn’t provide for everyone; there are going to be winners and losers in a laissez-faire approach to capitalism, or a laissez-faire approach to the economy. ..."
Key Terms
- Socialism
- Industrialization
- Laissez-faire capitalism
- Utopian Socialism
- Robert Owen
- New Lanark
- New Harmony
- Practical Socialists
- Socialist Feminism (or Feminist Socialism)
- Scientific Socialism
- Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels
- Das Kapital
- The Communist Manifesto
- Key Tenets
- Dialectical Materialism
- Class Struggle
- Bourgeoisie/Proletariat
- Bourgeoisie/Proletariat
- Labor Theory of Surplus Value
- Cyclical Nature of History
- Inevitable Collapse of Capitalism
- Dialectical Materialism
Guided Viewing Questions
- In what ways did industrialization contribute to the popularity of socialism in the 19th century?
- What was utopian socialism? How did Robert Owen attempt to put it into practice? What problems did his attempts face?
- What distinguishes scientific socialism from other types of socialism?
- In what ways did socialism critique capitalism?
- What were the key tenets of Marxism, as outlined in The Communist Manifesto?
- Compare and contrast the ideas of Utopian socialism and scientific socialism (Marxism). What did they have in common? How did they differ?
- If you were a worker in a factory, mill or coal mine during the nineteenth century, why might these ideas appeal to you?